Method

EQUIPMENT


Before we start on the experiment, there are a few basic materials that we need. But, they are all provided by the courtesy of IFF. None of the equipments are borrowed from the Science Laboratory.


Here is the list:
1. Fragrance Oil (Lyral, Hexyl Cinnamic Acid, Coumarin, Liilial, Ionone Beta, Citronellol, Isobornyl Acetate and Linalool Oxide)


2. Empty small bottles (x9)


3. Empty extra-small bottles (x8)


4. Dripper (x8)


5. Small-sized teaspoon (x9)


6. Soap base


7. DPG solution



METHODS


There are two parts to our experiment. The first part of the experiment is known as: Preparation of the Shower Gel. While the second part of the experiment is known as: Evaluation of Lather and Testing Stage.


In the first part, we need to get our 8 ingredients that are to be tested and the DPG solution. This 8 ingredients are actually the concentrated oils while the DPG is a solution that helps dilute out the concentrated oil. So, the 8 ingredients are: Lyral, Hexy! Cinnamic Acid, Coumarin, Liilial, Ionone Beta, Citronellol, Isobornyl Acetate and Linalool Oxide.


So, we need to combine the ingredient with the DPG solution to make 1g of this diluted ingredient for the next step. The percentage of DPG and amount of each ingredient needed is as recorded in the table below:





After we get the diluted ingredients, we will need 1% of each sample of the diluted ingredients into a 20g sample where the rest of the 99% of the 20g sample will be the liquid soap base. After adding the dilute ingredient and the liquid soap base together, we must stir the sample until it is homogenous. We must also label which soap is which so that we won’t get the soap messed up. The soap sample will then be ready to be used in a day.




In the second part of the experiment, we will be using the 8 sample soap that we created in the previous experiment. In this experiment, we will need at least 12 panelists to help us test out the strength of the fragrance. So a scale of 0-10 (0-Odorless - 10-Strongest) is used to measure the strength of the fragrance. A evaluation which is provided and designed by us will be provided to the panelists. Each panelist will evaluate up to 4 different soap fragrance.
    Rules: There will be no discussion between panelists as it will affect the results which will be tabulated.


The procedures are as followed:


1. Remove any watches and jewelry from arm and wet arms with room temperature water. (This will ensure that the person's jewelry and watch will not be damaged.)


2.  Wash hand with non-perfumed shower gel and rinse it until your arms doesn't feel slippery. (This will ensure that the person's arm will be odorless at the start of this experiment.)


3. Place one tea-scoop of shower gel on wet arm and swipe it in 10 full motion. (1 full motion is back and forth around the part of arm.)


4. With the leather still on the hand after 10 full swipes, apply some water on hand to make it foamy.


5. Put the foam on the the same spot on the arm and swipe it in 10 full motions again.


6. Then, it is ready to be smelled by the panelists.


7. Repeat Steps 1 to 7 again on different spots of the arm. (Maximum 2 soap per arm)


Important Note: 1.Do not mix the fragrance soap together. Do not discuss with other panelists.                             2.For this part of the experiment, we need to get at least 50 surveys to have a                                  more accurate result.


After conducting the second part of the experiment, we will need to find the mean intensity of each sample.


After the two experiment, we will now evaluate and tabulate the results into graphs in relation with the Molecular Weight, Vapour Pressure and Headspace. So after we get the intensity of the fragrance of each soap sample, we will tabulate 3 graphs with it against either: Molecular Weight, Vapour Pressure and Headspace.
The Graphs:
1. Molecular Weight - Intensity of Fragrance
2. Vapour Pressure - Intensity of Fragrance
3. Headspace - Intensity of Fragrance


The table is provided with the readings of the Molecular Weight, Headspace and Vapour Pressure:





So in the end, we need to find out whether Molecular Weight, Vapour Pressure and Headspace is related to the intensity of the fragrance.




Weighing the weight of an empty bottle


Extracting the dilution using an ink-dropper
 
Adding the dilution into the shower gel
Lastly, we stir thoroughly to make sure the solution is homogenous.




RISK ASSESSMENT


During our experiment, we will face certain risk that might endanger us both mentally and physically.


Firstly, we might come into contact with harmful chemicals when making our testing soap. To prevent this accident from happening, we will have a guide to supervise us and tell us the correct way to make the soap. We should also uphold laboratory rules of not drinking the chemicals, applying it or smelling them.


Secondly, we might be hurt in the process when traveling from SST to IFF company to get the ingredients for the soap. (For example, car accidents, trip and fall, etc.) Even if the chance of such incidents happening is quite low, we can still prevent such disasters from happening. We will need to be vigilant and alert while crossing the road and we will try to take public transport or taxi as far as possible. If such incidents do happen, we will contact the school, teachers and adults for help immediately.


Lastly, some of us might be allergic or sensitive to the ingredients of the soap. We will need to take the effort to find out each other’s allergies and sensitivity before applying soap on our arms for them to smell. If allergies break out, we will contact any adult or teachers immediately for he/she to be treated quickly.

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